Properties of Aal Abdul-Hadi in Palestine 1804-1967‎

Properties of Aal Abdul-Hadi in Palestine 1804-1967‎

Amin Abu-Baker

aabubaker@qou.edu

Al-Quds Open University, Nablus Educational Region, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 09-04-2005 , Accepted : 26-02-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study investigates one of the largest real estate properties in Palestine in a well-documented historical period starting from the death of Ahmad Basha Al-Jazzar in 1804 till the fall of the West Bank under the Israeli occupation in 1967. This topic has research because it comprised one of the social sectors that played a vital role in the civilization process of the Palestinian community. The properties consisted of about (500.000) dunums that spread in (80) locations from al-Jaleel mountains in the north to Jerusalem in the south, and from the Mediterranean in the west to the River Jordan in the east. Thus it occupied the first rank in the list of large land properties of the traditional Palestinian leadership during that period of time. Accordingly, the family had at its disposal huge social and economic potentials that made it one of the most active social and political forces in the modern history of Palestine. The research focused on three avenues. The first concentrated on the social being that formed the basic foundation of economic entity. Three points were the focus of this discussion: immigration and stability, dominance and influence, and the strategic fortresses that were used to dominate the area and develop the economic capabilities. The second avenue was dedicated to the formation of properties. Influential factors including the feudal system, war spoils and refuge systems during the period from 1831to1864, an addition to purchase, dominance and modernization were discussed. The third avenue concentrated on the size of the properties in three basic dimensions: proliferation, area, and decline.

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The Image of King `Amr Ibn Hind in the Pre-Islamic Period

The Image of King `Amr Ibn Hind in the Pre-Islamic Period

Hamdi Mansor

hamdimansor@yahoo.com

Received : 06-03-2005 , Accepted : 26-02-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The king Amr Ibn Hind ruled the state of Manathira obout 8ne and halfe decade. The poets had had a strong relationship with him. They were his drinking companions. They used to betake his court to obtain his grants or to ask him for the requirments of their own tribes. The king used to care for them. This study is aiming at throwing some light on the image of the king Amr b.Hind as reflected in the poems of his court poets. Hence, to clear out this image, three subjects of these poems will be tackled which are: eulogy,defamatory,threat and inflamatory. In conclusion the image of the king was very clear in the poems of the poets,but differs widely from one subject of the poems to another. He is noble lord in the panigrical poems. In defamatory poems,he is faithless and perfidious. In the threat and inflamatory poems, he is terrible and dreadful.

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Expiationist Tendencies the View of Abu-Hamed Alghazaly

Expiationist Tendencies the View of Abu-Hamed Alghazaly

Jaber Al-Smiry

jsmiry@mail.iugaza.edu

Received : 14-09-2004 , Accepted : 13-11-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This research unviel about the reality of dangerous of phenomenon of thought spreading among some people, so Alghazaly collected this subject from all sides and gave us true thought, by fighting which was ignorance and by giving useful knowledge for generation.

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Rule Loud Reciting of Basmalah in Praying and in Quran Reading

Rule Loud Reciting of Basmalah in Praying and in Quran Reading

Helmi Abdul-Hadi

asma1982@maktoob.com

Faculty of Law, Arab American University - Jenin, Palestine

Received : 29-03-2002 , Accepted : 15-06-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This paper tackled the rule of reading al-Basmalah (In the nawe of Mlah, the comassionate, the Merciful) before recitations of the Holly Qur’an verses during non-prayer services and it srule before reciting verses from the Holly Qur’an during prayer. The researcher highlighted religious scholars’ opinions on these issues. The paper also dwelt on rule regarding the reding aloud if al-Basmalah in prayer. Also the researcher illushated figh scholars on this matter, delalile their proofs and outweighed the strong arguverts.

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Assessing the Impact of Central Bank Intervention on Exchange ‎Rate: New Evidence from Transfer Function Modeling

Assessing the Impact of Central Bank Intervention on Exchange ‎Rate: New Evidence from Transfer Function Modeling

Abdelwahed Trabelsi*, Abdalla El-Habil**‎

abdalla20022002@yahoo.com

‎*High Institute of Management, University of Tunis,Tunis‎ ‎**Department of Applied Statistics, Faculty of Economics and ‎Administrative Sciences; Al-Azhar University, Gaza, Palestine.‎

Received : 06-06-2005 , Accepted : 24-05-2006

Language: English

Abstract

Recently, only econometric models like GARCH and EGARCH investigated the instant effects of central banks interventions. In this paper, extended study for investigating and analyzing the dynamic effects is conducted using transfer function modeling. We investigate the effect of the Reserve Bank of Australia on the $US/$A exchange rate in the period 1983 -1997, which can be broken into four distinct phases. Equally, we investigate the changing effectiveness of daily intervention into various separate components. We rely on a new strategy implied by the transfer function modeling that outperforms the traditionally used EGARCH one. This methodology is considered a very important tool; it leads to evaluating the instant and dynamic effects in long term and for avoiding future economic shocks. As far as our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the effects of foreign exchange market interventions on the exchange rate by using the transfer function modeling.

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A Cancer – Prone Personality: A Comparative Study Between ‎Cancerd and Noncancerd Persons

A Cancer – Prone Personality: A Comparative Study Between ‎Cancerd and Noncancerd Persons

Ziad Barakat

zeiadb@yahoo.com

Al-Quds Open University, Tulkarem Educational Region, Palestine

Received : 06-06-2005 , Accepted : 24-05-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study aims to compare between cancerd and noncancerd persons in some emotional traits of personality: Depression, death anxiety, extraversion– introversion, stable– unstable, emotional distribution, and optimistic– pessimistic personality. To achieve this aim some instruments were applied to the sample which consisted of (96) persons (48 cancerd, and 48 noncancerd persons). The results showed the following: (1) The personality traits become available among the cancered persons such as: Death anxiety, extraversion– introversion, stable– unstable, emotional distribution, optimistic– pessimistic personality, and depression. However, these personality traits become available among the noncancerd persons such as: emotional distribution, extraversion – Introversion, stable– unstable, depression, and optimistic– pessimistic personality. (2) There were statistical significant main differences between cancerd and noncancerd persons in all personality traits, the cancerd persons indicated high and positive attitudes towards the traits of: Depression, death anxiety, Introversion, unstable, emotionality, and pessimistic personality. (3) There were no statistical significant main differences between cancer patients in many malignant tumor cancers in personality traits of: Depression, extraversion – introversion, and stable – unstable. However, there were statistical significant differences between patients in many malignant tumor cancers in the personality traits: Death anxiety, emotional distribution, and optimistic – pessimistic personality, in favor of the uterus cancer patients. (4) There were statistical significant main differences between cancer patients due to six variables related to personality traits: Death anxiety, emotional distribution, and optimistic – pessimistic personality, in favor to the female patients. However, there were no statistical significant main differences between cancer patients due the six variable related to personality traits: Depression, extraversion – Introversion, and stable – unstable.

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Woman's Image at Civic Education Textbooks in the Palestinian ‎Curriculum from 7th to 9th Grade

Woman's Image at Civic Education Textbooks in the Palestinian ‎Curriculum from 7th to 9th Grade

Alia Al-Assali

alia_71@najah.edu

Department of Primary Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 15-05-2005 , Accepted : 24-05-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This Academic study aimed at investigating woman’s image and how it was dealt with in civic education textbooks for 7th, 8th, and 9th grade in the Palestinian curriculum. the researcher analyzed the syllabus into pictures, concepts, drawings, activities and evaluation to investigate woman’s image in family, work, educational and learning process, political participation, and job images distribution, in order to investigate the range of her representation comparing to man. The research indicates that woman was represented but in a random and unmethodological way in civic education textbooks. Regarding the results the research recommends to pay more interest to the quality in which woman is represented taking her a way from traditional stereotype, and to pay more attention to the distribution of job images fairly between both male and female which will reflect to some extend a realistic and practical society.

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Qadyaniyyah and its Latent Interpretations of Holy Quran Verses

Qadyaniyyah and its Latent Interpretations of Holy Quran Verses

Sami Hasan

info@alalbayt.aabu.edu.jo

Received : 11-04-2005 , Accepted : 24-05-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The human societies are burdened with enormous ideologies, doctrines and political views that have different methodologies for different reasons and purposes. This diversity comes according to the different factors that worked as a catalyst in promoting these ideologies and doctrines to prosper and grow. Therefore I dedicated this study to research a few of them and in particular the Cult of the “Kadianiya” to shatter the myth that surrounds it. Hence revealing their twisted ascription of the Holy Quran will benefit those who seek the truth. In general these mysterious cults are to be considered an evil seeds, which have been sawn in the house of Islam by the “Sapiens” cult in order to undermine the divine revelations and twist its texts with depraved interpretations. I yet have to find any one who profoundly embarked with expansion on the exposition of this sect therefore I find myself motivated to unravel the truth and reveal it to the seekers.

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The Standard of Voting for the Members of the Palestinian ‎Legislative Council in the 2006 Elections According to the ‎Palestinian Voters

The Standard of Voting for the Members of the Palestinian ‎Legislative Council in the 2006 Elections According to the ‎Palestinian Voters

Hussein Yousef, Mahmoud Abu Alrub, Taher Al-Masri

hussein596@yahoo.com

Department of Geography, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 20-11-2005 , Accepted : 12-04-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The aim of this study is to define and arrange the characteristics that voters wish to see in the members of the Palestinian Legislative

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The Implementation of Total Quality Management in the Faculty of ‎Economics and Administrative Science in Al Azhar University- Gaza‎

The Implementation of Total Quality Management in the Faculty of ‎Economics and Administrative Science in Al Azhar University- Gaza‎

Nihaya Al-Tilbani, Wafeeq Al-Aghaa, Khaleel Hajjaj

nihaya45@hotmail.com

Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine

Received : 11-09-2005 , Accepted : 12-04-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The main purpose of this study is to examine the implementation of Total Quality Management (TQM) dimensions in the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science in Al Azhar University – Gaza. Many studies have been conducted on implementing (TQM) in the academic institutions locally، nationally, and internationally. Most of these studies pointed to the importance of implementing (TQM) in the education sector in response for rapid environmental changes and increasing of customer perception to the importance of quality. The previous studies and the Palestinian Accreditation and Quality Assurance Commission Model were used as a tool for this study. All the academic staff of the Faculty of Economics and Administrative Science were included in the study. The study revealed that in general the Faculty is implementing (TQM) at a middle level and there is no significant statistical differences in the implementation of (TQM) as far as the academic degree، years of experience, and age are concerned for all quality dimensions. The study also revealed that there were no significant statistical differences in the implementation of (

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Movement Speed of the Arm Used in Performance and its Relation ‎with Student Performance of Forehand,‎‏ ‏Backhand in Tennis and ‎Squash

Movement Speed of the Arm Used in Performance and its Relation ‎with Student Performance of Forehand,‎‏ ‏Backhand in Tennis and ‎Squash

Moen Al-Khalaf

moen_taha@yahoo.com

Received : 04-05-2005 , Accepted : 12-04-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to identify the level of student performance in Forehand & Backhand storks in Tennis and squash، and the Movement speed level of the Arm used in performance and its relation with student performance level، male، females، of Forehand, backhand in Tennis and squash. The research was conducted on a sample consisted of 184 students، male، females، from the faculty of physical education at the Jordanian university. The researcher concluded that the level of males was better than females in performance of Forehand، Backhand، and there was no statistically significant differences in the Movement speed level of the Arm used in performance between males، females. There was appositively significant correlation between movement speed and students performance level for both games skills. The researcher recommended that there is an important of prephysical preparation for students، focusing on the special physical elements of games skills before learning، and clarifying its importance to the skillful learning of racket games.

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The Effect of Immediate and Delayed Feedback on the Performance ‎of Selected Gymnastics Skills

The Effect of Immediate and Delayed Feedback on the Performance ‎of Selected Gymnastics Skills

Imad Abdel-Haq, Ahmed Bani-Ata

prof_imad@yahoo.com

Received : 18-05-2005 , Accepted : 12-04-2006

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to the determine the effect of immediate and delayed feedback on the performance of selected Gymnastics skills. The sample was consisted of a (30) subjects selected purposely, and they were divided equally to two experimental groups, immediate and delayed feed back. The results revealed a significant effect between pre and post test in favor of post test for both immediate and delayed feedback on handstand and cartwheel skills. Furthermore, the results revealed significant differences in the post test in cartwheel between immediate and delayed feedback in favor of immediate feedback, while there were no significant differences in handstand between immediate and delayed feedback.

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The Palestinian External Merchandise Trade: ‎Determinants and Stability Investigation During 1968-1998‎

The Palestinian External Merchandise Trade: ‎Determinants and Stability Investigation During 1968-1998‎

Gaber Abugamea

gaberh9@hotmail.com

Business Administration Department, Faculty of Intermediate Studies, ‎Al-Azhar University

Received : 26-09-2002 , Accepted : 15-06-2004

Language: English

Abstract

This paper models external merchandise trade in the Palestinian Territories (West Bank and Gaza Strip) for the period 1968-1998. It gives an empirical evidence for this modeling. It provides an analysis for trade by using cointegration analysis and by estimating a vector error correction model. The cointegration analysis, mainly, suggests that only domestic demand and Jordanian demand are the significant determinants of Palestinian trade in the long- run, in addition to the existence of trade with the rest of world. On the other hand, the short-run results imply domestic demand and Israeli demand are two factors determining Palestinian trade in the short-run, under the prevailing imposed customs union with Israel. One common feature of both Dynamic cointegrating analysis and OLS estimation results is that Palestinian trade affected significantly, with a negative sign by growth of domestic demand. By using OLS estimation it investigates the instability of trade over study period. Both Chow's break point tests and CUSUM and CUSUMSQ tests results support the instability hypothesis for trade equation.

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The Translatability of Terms of Address in Najib ‎Mahfouz’s Ziqaq Al-Midaq into English‎ht

The Translatability of Terms of Address in Najib ‎Mahfouz’s Ziqaq Al-Midaq into English‎

Ekrema Shehab

ikrimas@yahoo.com

Department of English, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, ‎Nablus, Palestine.‎

Received : 21-03-2004 , Accepted : 03-10-2004

Language: English

Abstract

This paper investigates the problem of terms of address (social honorifics) in Arabic-English translation. In order to highlight the problem under discussion, the study uses five honorifics, identified by the researcher as comprising difficulties to translators, from Mahfouz’s (1947) famous novel Ziqaq-Al-Midaq. Twenty M.A. students of translation at An-Najah National University served as the subjects in this study. They were asked to translate these address terms in the light of their original contexts. The study also looks into Trevor Le Gassick’s renditions of these terms in his 1975 translation of Mahfouz’s novel. The present study argues that relational terms of address are harder to translate than absolute ones due to the fact that relational honorifics have drifted extensively from their traditional usages and acquired new significations which are initiated for social purposes.

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Book Review: Teaching The Thinking Skills ‎

Book Review: Teaching The Thinking Skills ‎

Fawaz Aqel

f_aqel2001@Yahoo.com

Department of Teaching Methodology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 09-03-2004 , Accepted : 17-08-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

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The Perception of Student Psychological Problems at An-Najah ‎National University through the Al-Aqsa Intifada as a Result of ‎Israeli Occupation

The Perception of Student Psychological Problems at An-Najah ‎National University through the Al-Aqsa Intifada as a Result of ‎Israeli Occupation

Abed Assaf

abedassaf@najah.edu

Received : 24-12-2002 , Accepted : 17-08-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purposes of this study were first, to determine the most important psychological problems facing An-Najah National University students as a result of the Israeli aggression. Second, to find out the effect of demographic variables in respect of (sex, college, Family income, place of family living, parents work, living close or far from Israeli hot points, and place of student living) on perception of student psychological problems. Third to find out if there are positive effects of the Intifada on the students and the Palestinian People. The study was conducted on a random sample of (566) students, which represents a (9.43) from the population of the study. A scale of psychological problems was constructed and validated by the researcher and applied to the sample of the study. The results of the study reveal that: (1) The psychological problem over all mean on students due to Israel aggression was (61.2%) which considered in terms of psychological effects is high. Also the study presents the most obvious psychological problems which are facing students as a result of the Israeli occupation. (2) There were significant mean differences at (.05) between perception of student psychological problems with respect to demographic variables of (family income, parents work, and place of family living). (3) There were no significant mean differences at (.05) between perception of student psychological problems with respect to demographic variables of (sex, college, place of living close or far from Israeli hot points, and student living). (4) The study also points out the positive effect of the Al-qsa Intifada on the students and the Palestinian people from the student’s perception. Which include: (a) Feelings that they will have soon on independent state of Palestine. (b) Feeling that the Intifada could help the whole world understand that Israeli government doesn't committed to the peace process, to Oslo accord, and the Palestinians have rejected Israeli occupation.

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English Classroom Environment as Perceived‎‏ ‏by English ‎Language Teachers in Nablus Fawaz Aqel f_aqel2001@yaho.com Department of Teaching Methodolog

English Classroom Environment as Perceived‎‏ ‏by English ‎Language Teachers in Nablus

Fawaz Aqel

f_aqel2001@yaho.com

Department of Teaching Methodology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 07-09-2003 , Accepted : 15-06-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study sought to identify the English classroom environment as perceived by English Language Teachers in Nablus, and to find out the effect of gender, experience, school stage, and academic qualification on the classroom environment. Further, this study aimed at identifying the most important problems facing the English language teacher. To this end, the study endeavored to answer the following questions: 1. What is the reality of the English classroom environment as viewed by the English language teachers? 2. What are the most important daily classroom problems facing the English Language teachers? 3. Are there a statistical differences in sex, experience, school stage, and academic qualifications on the classroom English environment? The population of the study was the English language teachers of both sexes in all school stages in Nablus. The number of teachers was 166 distributed among 61 schools. Schools chosen were those carrying even numbers. The total number of schools was 30 which included 66 teachers of both sexes. Of these, 46 were females and 20 were males. The researcher developed a 46-item questionnaire to collect the data. Validity and reliability were tested; appropriate statistical analyses were conducted. It was found out that the study variables had no impact on the English classroom environment. It was also found out that most of the problems facing the English language teachers in schools had to do with classroom crowdedness, students' seating, sticking to the textbook and short supply of educational aids. In the light of these findings, the researcher recommended that training courses and workshops be held for teachers on new patterns of classroom behavior. He also recommended changing the way of students' seating in classrooms. He also suggested conducting an empirical study to identify the impact of the English classroom environment on the students' achievement.

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Responsibility on account of Abstention from Doing Public ‎Duty When Needed

Responsibility on account of Abstention from Doing Public ‎Duty When Needed

Jamal Al-Kilani

alfeqhdep@najah.edu

Received : 17-02-2004 , Accepted : 15-06-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study, entitled “Responsibility on account of Abstention from Doing Public Duty When Needed”, includes two part, an introduction and a conclusion. In the first theme, I talk about Islam’s consideration of the principle of cooperation and solidarity in the community as a duty stressed by Islamic Shari’ah in time of need. In the second theme, I talk about responsibility or obligation on account of abstention from assisting others in the Shari'ah law. I show that mundane law did not consider the abstainer responsible for the consequences of his/her abstention whereas Islamic Shari’ah ruled abstainer as murderer, in some doctrines (Mathaheb) when abstention resulted in death of the person needing assistance.

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Responsibility on account of Abstention from Doing Public ‎Duty When Needed

Responsibility on account of Abstention from Doing Public ‎Duty When Needed

Jamal Al-Kilani

alfeqhdep@najah.edu

Received : 17-02-2004 , Accepted : 15-06-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study, entitled “Responsibility on account of Abstention from Doing Public Duty When Needed”, includes two part, an introduction and a conclusion. In the first theme, I talk about Islam’s consideration of the principle of cooperation and solidarity in the community as a duty stressed by Islamic Shari’ah in time of need. In the second theme, I talk about responsibility or obligation on account of abstention from assisting others in the Shari'ah law. I show that mundane law did not consider the abstainer responsible for the consequences of his/her abstention whereas Islamic Shari’ah ruled abstainer as murderer, in some doctrines (Mathaheb) when abstention resulted in death of the person needing assistance.

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A Bride’s Package in the Light of Islamic Law and the ‎Personal Status Law

A Bride’s Package in the Light of Islamic Law and the ‎Personal Status Law

Marwan Qadomi

alfeqhdep@najah.edu

Received : 31-08-2003 , Accepted : 15-06-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This research aims at introducing a study of one side of the rights of wives in the personal status law. We have introduced this study with the lawfulness of the dowry in Islam and the rights of women in getting a dowry and a dwelling suitable for matrimonial life. The study also highlights the obstacles that encounter marriage and ways of dealing with them according to Islamic faith. It also undertakes the issue of a bride’s package, its problems, disputes and its traditional norms in same areas; it also deals with the law governing on bride’s package (dota) for nonmuslims. The research concludes with a call for revoking the dominant traditions which do not agree with the Islamic law, and with the major results that the research arrives at.

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Home Study Environment for Palestinian Students in Basic ‎and Secondary Cycles During Al-Aqsa Intifada‎

Home Study Environment for Palestinian Students in Basic ‎and Secondary Cycles During Al-Aqsa Intifada‎

Jawdat Saadeh, Ismael Abu Zyada, Rohi Abadat

profjawdat@yahoo.com

Received : 17-05-2003 , Accepted : 15-06-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The main purpose of the study was to define the role of five variables that include sex, number of rooms inside the house, family size, grade levels, and the directorate, on the home study environment for Palestinian students in grades ninth, tenth and eleventh during Al-Aqsa Intifada. To achieve this purpose, the researchers developed a (29) item questionnaire that presented to a group of jury to insure its validity and they applied Cronbach Alpha formula to calculate its reliability, and it was (0.90). Means, percentages, "t" independent test, One Way ANOVA and Schefee test for multiple comparisons were used to analyze data collected. The results showed the followings:

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Effects of Quantitative Components of the Palestine Securities ‎Exchange on Al-Quds Index

Effects of Quantitative Components of the Palestine Securities ‎Exchange on Al-Quds Index

Tareq Al-Haj, Ghassan Da'as

tareqalhaj@yahoo.com

Received : 08-10-2003 , Accepted : 25-04-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The goal of this study is to determine the effects of quantitative components of the Palestine securities exchange upon Al-Quds Index، the effect of those quantitative variables individually، and their extent on the Index value. The results of the study indicate that the quantitative components explain approximately the changing value of Index. Some of them indicate negative effect، while the other indicates positive effects. Also the study indicates that most effects are due to the value of the common capitalized stocks of the listed companies. The findings represent that the thinking methodology of investors will be the same، even the model that depend on pre-intifada financial data. Decrease in investing and dealing values is due to the continuous savings of both investors and community at a whole.

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The Principles Based on Overusage According to Al-Farra`‎‏ ‏in the Light of his Book (Ma’ni Al-Kor’aan)‎

The Principles Based on Overusage According to Al-Farra`‎‏ ‏in the Light of his Book (Ma’ni Al-Kor’aan)‎

Hamdi Al-Jabali

arabdep@najah.edu

Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 09-08-2003 , Accepted : 02-12-2003

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The intent of this research was to examine the concept of overusage according to AL-Farra` through picking up the linguistic phenomena that he subjucated to the domination of usage and / or overusage and surveyed them interpretably so that he might support his doctrine and construct his principle. The research also brought into view that AL-Farra` was a precursor in admitting that language is subjucated to the effect and interference of usage on directing what was on everybody`s lips or what was frequently used or repeated for the more a thing is overused or is plain in meaning, the mild it will be in speaking and it will become much more permissible than any others.

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Attitudes of Students in Palestine Technical College-Khadori Towards Sports Activities

Attitudes of Students in Palestine Technical College-Khadori Towards Sports Activities

Bahjat Abu-Tame’‎

ba_tame@yahoo.com

Department of Physical Education, Palestine Technical College, Khadori, Palestine

Received : 08-05-2004 , Accepted : 07-11-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the attitudes of khadori students, towards participation in physical activities. Furthermore, determine the differences in these attitudes according to gender, education program, specialization, academic level, and sport practices variables. A modified Kinon scale was used for collecting data. The sample of the study was consisted of (135) male and female students. The results revealed appositive attitudes, where the percentage of response for the total score was (76%), also, the results indicated that there are no significant differences in the students, attitudes due to gender, educational program, specialization, and academic level variables, while there were a significant different due to sport practices variable. Based on the study findings the researcher recommended to reinforce student's attitudes, and increase attention of female physical activities.

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Communication Apprehension Among An-Najah National ‎University Students

Communication Apprehension Among An-Najah National ‎University Students

Muna Thaher

mona_thaher@yahoo.com

Department of English, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 29-03-2004 , Accepted : 03-10-2004

Language: English

Abstract

The primary purpose of this paper is to investigate the factors which lead to communication apprehension (CA) in the EFL classroom. The relative importance of a number of sources (psychological, instructional, and socio-cultural) has been investigated by means of a questionnaire. The sample of the study consisted of (209) non-English major EFL students at An-Najah University in Palestine. The findings of the study revealed that most students had either fear, or uneasiness about their learning experience which has hindered the language learning process. The paper concludes with a number of suggestions on how to reduce communication apprehension for future application in the teaching of English to non-English majors

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Interference of Greek Methology in the Contemporary Palestinian ‎Poetry (Excerpts)‎

Interference of Greek Methology in the Contemporary Palestinian ‎Poetry (Excerpts)‎

Ibrahim Musa

imusa@birzeit.edu

Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, Birzeit University, Ramallah, Palestine

Received : 30-06-2004 , Accepted : 03-10-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

Palestinian poets are open in thier poems to wide humanistic horizons. They qouted from the Greek myths such as: Sizeef, Tilimak, and Icaros... etc. These nyths formed the pillar of the poems in which the myths text embodied the palestinian individuals herosim after it was re-formed with a contemporary vision in which language was converted to symbols full of dimensions in terms of connation and imagery that express the lived situation, and clarifies the image of the lands usurper and the image of the Palestinian who is grasping the life time embers. The poets transformed all this into an equivalent topic that reflects thier poetic dream to creat a better human future in terms of its subjective humanistic dimensions. This research aims at shedding light on the aspects of this aesthetic usage of the Greek myths and thier artistic, realistic connotations. The study deals with etymology, definitions and derivation of these myths; moreover, it deals with thier trends that are based on natwal, literary and historical phenomena. It also deals with the views of paychologists and philosophers regarding thier significant in human thought in addition to cuases of embedding them in cotemporary poetry. Excerpts of poetry are analyzed to find out to what extent they express the visions of the Palestinian poets and thier awareness of the myths artistic value in thier poetry.

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Analysis of Investors’ Incentives for Investing their Savings Outside ‎the Banking System in Gaza Strip‎

Analysis of Investors’ Incentives for Investing their Savings Outside ‎the Banking System in Gaza Strip‎

Yousif Ashour

yashour1@yahoo.com

Department of Business Administration, Faculty of Economics & Administrative Sciences, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine

Received : 21-04-2004 , Accepted : 03-10-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The main aim of this research is to investigate savings and deposits outside the banking system in Gaza Strip; why do not people invest their savings with banking system? do these people enjoy durable goods? What services do they get from banks. A questionnaire was designed to collect the required date. The sample counted for 252 investors outside the banking system. Findings of the research suggest that television sets and houses are the most popular durable assets that those investors enjoy. They save and invest to increase their income. All of them do not deposit their savings at banks neither they get loans. They have only current accounts in banks.

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Problems that Face Basketball Coaches in Palestine from their Points of ‎View‎

Problems that Face Basketball Coaches in Palestine from their Points of ‎View‎

Bader Dweekat

baderrefat@yahoo.com

Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 12-04-2004 , Accepted : 17-08-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the problems that face basketball coaches in Palestine. To achieve that, the study was conducted on (57) coaches, from Palestinian basketball clubs. A (34) items questionnaire was used for data collection. The results reveled a high degree of problems where the percentage of the response of the total score was (81.2%). Further more the results revealed that the rank order of domains were as follow: - club administration, (85.8%), federation (83%), coach (81.8%), facilities (80%), players (79.8%), meadia (77.6%). Based on the study finding, the researcher recommended to find out qualified coaches in Palestine by participation in local and international training courses.

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Some of the Anthropometric Characteristics of Fourth and Fifth ‎Grades Aged (9-10) Years Students In Nablus District‎

Some of the Anthropometric Characteristics of Fourth and Fifth ‎Grades Aged (9-10) Years Students In Nablus District‎

Imad Abdelhaq

prof_imad@yahoo.com

Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 11-02-2004 , Accepted : 17-08-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the Anthropometric characteristics of fourth and fifth grades aged (9-10) years student in Nablus District. The Sample of the study consisted of (300) male and female student (150) for each. Results indicated a significant differences at (a = 0.05) in the (leg, Foot, Arms and Lengths) in favor of male. While the differences were in favor of female on Thigh and trunk length parameter. In addition, the results indicated a significant differences at (a=0.05) in Arm circumstances, (Shoulder, Thigh) widths in favor of female. While the are no significant differences at (a=0.05) in the height and body weight due to gender. The researcher recommended that increase attention on Anthropometric parameters by physical teachers in the evaluating students physical developments.

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The Effects of Large Classes on EFL Students at An-‎Najah National University‎

The Effects of Large Classes on EFL Students at An-‎Najah National University‎

Muna Thaher

mona_thaher@yahoo.com

Department of English, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 02-06-2004 , Accepted : 07-11-2004

Language: English

Abstract

The purpose of this paper is to determine what effects (instructional, psychological or social) large classes have on students by investigating and analyzing EFL students' attitudes toward large classes at An-Najah National University in Palestine. A questionnaire was distributed among El0103 students who were learning English as a university requirement. The sample of the study consisted of (230) non-English major EFL students. The findings of the study revealed that the instructional effects have the highest mean over the social and the psychological effects. It appeared that despite the negative aspects of learning English in large classes, there can be some positive aspects that teachers could make use of. The paper concludes with a number of recommendations to cope with the problems of large classes for future application in teaching EFL students.

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Socio-econimc and Security Priorities to‏ ‏the Palestinian People During Al-‎Aqsa Intifada

Socio-econimc and Security Priorities to‏ ‏the Palestinian People During Al-‎Aqsa Intifada

Mahmoud Abu-Rub, Hussein Ahmad

abualrub@yahoo.com

Received : 05-09-2004 , Accepted : 13-03-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The aim of this study is to pinpiont the socio-economic and secutity priorities to the Palestinian people during Al-Aqsa Intifada. The continuos Israeli war against the Palestinian people and the increasing Israeli repression impose economic needs like improving the economic situation and creating job opportunities. The social priorities concentrated on freeing prisoners from Israeli jails, improving education at public schools, improving public health services and receiving some aids. On the security level, the priorities are lifting checkpoints and roadblocks among villages and cities and maintaining the Palestinian internal security. These priorities are affected by different socio-economic variables like place of residence, type of living …etc.

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Globalization‎ and Islamic Discourse

Globalization‎ and Islamic Discourse

Naser Aldeen Al-Sha’er

nasershaer@yahoo.com

Received : 19-05-2004 , Accepted : 13-03-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study is an attempt to examine the concept of Globalization with special reference to its understanding from Islamic point of view. It discusses the emergence of Globalization, its roots, its environment, and its positive and negative impacts on the different sectors. This analytical discussion helps in introducing the most appropriate Islamic perspectives regarding Globalization, which could be considered as one of the most striking and controversial concepts in this era. Moreover, this study is examining the relevant outstanding outputs of Globalization, and therefore, its impacts on Islamic discourse.

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The Psychology of Shopping: A Study of Shopping Behavior and ‎its Relation with the Demographic Variables in the Palestinian ‎Society

The Psychology of Shopping: A Study of Shopping Behavior and ‎its Relation with the Demographic Variables in the Palestinian ‎Society

Zeyad Barakat

zeiadb@yahoo.com

Al-Quds Open University, Tulkarem Educational Region, Palestine

Received : 24-07-2004 , Accepted : 20-02-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study aims at determining the relationship between shopping behavior and some of the demographic variables of gender, age, residency, profession, social status, education level, and income. To achieve this purpose the researcher used a random sample consists of (915) persons from different classes in Palestine. The researcher used a questionnaire designed to collect data to measure the causes of purchase behavior. Results show that (63.9 %) from study subject agree that the responsibility of shopping behavior is upon the husband and wife. The majority of goods purchased were: food, clothes, games, makeup perfume, books and newspapers. Results also indicated that females who are 21 – 40 years old, university students, villagers, married, and with high level income are likely to go shopping more than males who are old, uneducated, residents of refugee camps, tradesmen, unmarried, and with low income. Causes that affected the purchase behavior are factors related with the quality of the commodity, the satisfaction of the subjects' needs, and the suitability of the commodity for the subjects' social and economic circumstance.

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The Relationship between Emotional Stability and Levels of Self-‎Assertion Among A Sample of Students at the University of Jordan

The Relationship between Emotional Stability and Levels of Self-‎Assertion Among A Sample of Students at the University of Jordan

Mohammad Bani Younes

amjadabu@hotmail.com

Received : 17-07-2004 , Accepted : 20-02-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The aim of this research is to Investigate The levels of emotional stability levels of self – assertion, and the correlation between these levels.

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Swearing by Time in the Quranic Verses: A Linguistic Study and a ‎Universal Phenomen on Moreover

Swearing by Time in the Quranic Verses: A Linguistic Study and a ‎Universal Phenomen on Moreover

Mohammad Al-Bo’‎

public@mail.iugaza.edu

Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine

Received : 19-05-2004 , Accepted : 20-02-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This research examines swearing by time semantically and syntactically, indicating its purposes, the temporal expressions related to night and day, and their denotations. The study also illustrates the characteristics of the clause of swearing by time in the Quranic verses. More over, it discusses the scientific observations of how the Makki Chapters (suras) and the last section (Juzu') of the holy Quran are distinguished wity this kind of swearing and how this is related to the different universal phenomena in the balance between night and day in terms of their times and distributions of the earth.

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Evaluating the Seventh Grades Palestinian Science Textbook from Teachers’ Perspective

Evaluating the Seventh Grades Palestinian Science Textbook from Teachers’ Perspective

Mahmoud Ramadan

ramadannajah@yahoo.com

Department of Primary Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 14-04-2004 , Accepted : 20-02-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study aimed at evaluating the Seventh Grades Palestinian Science textbook from teachers’ perspective. The researcher tried to find out the influence of some variables, such as: gender, academic qualification, teachers experience,and the number of training courses that the teacher participated in, on the perspectives of teachers. For the purpose of this study a sample of ( 51) teachers responded to a questionaire consisted of ( 62 ) items divided of the following six domains: general view(layout) of the book, introduction, content, educational techniques, enhancing students attitudes towards science, evaluation questions, Number of lessons, laboratories, and the readability of the book.

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Styles of Learning English by Twjihi Students at Public Schools in ‎Nablus

Styles of Learning English by Twjihi Students at Public Schools in ‎Nablus

Fawaz Aqel

f_aqel2001@najah.edu

Department of Teaching Methodology, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 09-03-2004 , Accepted : 20-02-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study sought to find out the most prevalent English learning styles of tawjihi students at public schools in Nablus. It also endeavored to identify statistical differences in styles of learning English due to sex, type of study, academic average, private classes and number of students in class. The population of the study (1,346 male and female students) comprised of tawjihi students, scientific and literary streams, in the academic year 2003/2004. A stratified sample, randomly selected, was taken representing 31.2% of the study population. The researcher adopted a 50-item questionnaire, after its translation into the Arabic, to make easy for students to understand the content. The fifty items were distributed among six domains. After data collection and statistical analysis of results, it was found that there were statistically significant differences which may be attributed to sex, number of students, academic average, and type of study. In the light of the study findings, the researcher recommends holding courses, workshops to introduce different learning patterns to teachers. He also recommends conducting further studies and comparing them with those conducted on private school students. In addition, the researcher recommends that special publications on abstracts of studies relevant to the subject be distributed among English language teachers at schools.

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The Effect of Proposed Learning Program on Teaching Basic ‎Basketball Skills of Physical Education Majors at An-Najah ‎National University

The Effect of Proposed Learning Program on Teaching Basic ‎Basketball Skills of Physical Education Majors at An-Najah ‎National University

Subhi 'Isa, Bader Dweekat

subhi60@yahoo.com

Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Educational Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 31-03-2004 , Accepted : 12-12-2004

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of proposed learning program teaching basic Basketball skills of male physical education majors at (ANU). The sample of the study was consisted of (48) students, and they were divided equally for two groups first one as experimental group and the other as control group. The results reveled a positive effect of proposed learning program on teaching Basketball skills. Furthermore, the result indicated a significant differences between experimental and control groups in favor at experimental. Furthermore, the result revealed a significant development in some Skills for the control group. Based on the study findings the researchers recommended to applied the proposed learning program for different age groups for both male and female.

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Subject Matter and English Language Teachers’ Perception of EST ‎at An-Najah National University (in English)‎

Subject Matter and English Language Teachers’ Perception of EST ‎at An-Najah National University (in English)‎

Muna Thaher, Wafa Abu Shmais‎

mona_thaher@yahoo.com

Department of English, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 18-05-2004 , Accepted : 20-02-2005

Language: English

Abstract

The teaching of English for Special Purposes (ESP) has developed from a concern for the needs, desires, interests and attitudes of learners. ESP has many advantages; however, they might not be achieved unless an encouraging atmosphere that meets students' needs is established. This paper examines the perceptions of subject matter teachers and English language teachers of the needs of their EST (English for Science and Technology) students at An –Najah University. Therefore, the paper touches upon needs analysis as an important issue related to the teaching of EST in an attempt to investigate the extent of cooperation and coordination between the English language teachers and subject matter teachers. The paper also investigates the subject matter and English language teachers' perceptions of the need for teaching English language, textbooks, materials, skills and activities in EST courses. The perceptions of the need for subject matter and English language teachers have been investigated by means of a questionnaire. The subjects of the study were (41) subject matter teachers and English language teachers at An-Najah University. The findings of the study revealed that the perceptions of the need for cooperation and coordination between English language and subject matter teachers was very high. The results also indicated that the subject matter teachers showed the highest means for all domains, with the highest mean for the need for appropriate textbooks and materials. This paper concludes with suggestions to reinforce cooperation and coordination between both English and subject matter teachers.

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Degree of An-Najah National University Commitment to the ‎Principles of Total Quality Management as Perceived by Faculty ‎Members

Degree of An-Najah National University Commitment to the ‎Principles of Total Quality Management as Perceived by Faculty ‎Members

Mazouz Alawni, Yousif Ghuniam

malawnah@qou_edu

Received : 09-02-2005 , Accepted : 16-07-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study aimed at examing to the degree of An-Najah National University Commitment to the Total Quality Management as Perceived by it's faculty members. The study also examined the impact of different variables such as sex, academic rank, years of experience, the university from which degree was received, the college in which he/she is currently working and the age of respondents. The population of the study comprised all full time faculty members of which a sample of 130 faculty member was selected A 52-item questionnaire, covering quality requirement follow-up development, human resources and decision making process, was administered to the subject of the study. The SPSS was used to analyze the solicited data means, Standard deviation, Sidak t-test one way" ANOVA" was employed to examine the responses of the subjects to determine the significance of each variable. The result of the study indicated that An-Najah National was significantly committed to the principles of guide lives of the Total Quality Management. The study also showed that there were differences at (0.05=?) in the degree of commitment by An-Najah National University as perceived by the faculty members which might be attributed to the variables of sex, academic rank, years of experience, the university from which degree was received, the college where he/she is currently working, and the age of respondents.

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New Reading to Conflict Rules of Laws Relating to Marriage and ‎Properties in Jordan Civil Law (Analytic Comparative Study)‎

New Reading to Conflict Rules of Laws Relating to Marriage and ‎Properties in Jordan Civil Law (Analytic Comparative Study)‎

Saheb Al-Fatlawei

shaima@yahoo.com

Received : 22-08-2004 , Accepted : 16-07-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The legislator normally forms the conflict rules, or what is called the backing rules, to constrain the compulsory application of the rules when disagreement takes place on legal relations containing foreign elements. Some of these relations refer to marriage and whatever related to it, and the properties whether materiality or moral like the legal rights of writers, trade and industory. It is noticed that the financial conflict rules discussed in Jordan Civil Law is not sufficient to handle emerged problem concern these subjects. It is also found that it needs a new comprehension to be modernized. A deep look into studying what is important and what is essential, we found that what concerns disagreements on marriage and properties in this law is the most essential part of in our study.

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Time in the Engraving on the Heart’s Wall by the Novelist, Habeeb ‎Hana

Time in the Engraving on the Heart’s Wall by the Novelist, Habeeb ‎Hana

Sa’ad Al-Azayzeh

saad_azaiza@yahoo.com

Received : 18-12-2004 , Accepted : 15-05-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This research deals with “Time” in Habeeb Hana’s novel “Engravings on the Heart’s wall”. Besides, it aims at identifying the Types of time namely: the real, psychological, historical and cosmic times. The research, moreover, highlights the relation between time and its extension with the environmental place, the characters movement and the incidents. The research reveals the authar’s ability to skilfully employ the above Mentioned artistic tools through dealing with the AL AqSa Intifada in cidents where types of time are combined artistically inorder to achieve aesthetic goals.

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Parents’ Wills in Pre-Islamic and Islamic Poetry

Parents’ Wills in Pre-Islamic and Islamic Poetry

Fathi Khader

abutamer1953@yahoo.com

Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 11-09-2004 , Accepted : 15-05-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This research endeavors to highlight the care that parent poets during the Jahilyia period showed for the upbringing of their children. Parent poets sought to foster higher values within the personalities of their children so that their children would represent the generous values of the society that the Arab at that time cared to preserve. I hope that I will be able through this study to introduce the most important educational values that the Jahilyia poets cared to charge their children with, making of them outstanding men and women.

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Constructing Norms of Body Mass Index, Fat Percent, Lean Body Weight, Body ‎Surface Area and Resting Metabolic Rate of Female Physical Education Major

Constructing Norms of Body Mass Index, Fat Percent, Lean Body Weight, Body ‎Surface Area and Resting Metabolic Rate of Female Physical Education Majors

Abed Elnaser Al-Qadomi, Subhi Nemr

nasernnu@yahoo.com

Received : 09-03-2004 , Accepted : 15-05-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to construct norms of Body Mass Index (BMI), Fat Percent (% Fat), Lean Body Weight (LBW), Body Surface Area (BSA) and Resting Metabolic Rate (RMR) of female physical education majors at An-Najah National University. Furthermore, determine the correlation coefficient among (BMI, % Fat, LBW, BSA and weight (WT) with RMR. The sample consisted of all female physical education majors’ (62) students, Tanita TBF-410 Bioelectrical impedance analyzer (BIA) was used to determine variables. The results revealed that the means of BMI, % Fat, LBW, BSA (WT) and RMR were respectively: (22.46 kg/m2, 24.15%, 44.19 kg, 1.6211 m2, 58.97 kg, and 1427.95 kcal/day), and the best percentile ranks are respectively: (19.30kg/m2, 17%, 47.21 kg, 1.76m2, 1560 kcal/day). In addition, the results revealed a significant positive correlation between BMI, LBW, BSA (WT) and RMR, and negative correlation between % fat and age with RMR. Also, the results of Regression (R2) contribute in developing three equations for the prediction of RMR, using WT, BSA, and LBW as predictors, the best predictor was WT where (R2) was (0.971), the equations were as follow:

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The Steadfastness of Economic Strategies Used by the Palestinian ‎Rural Families During the Al Aqsa Intifada (Qalqiliya Villages: A ‎Case Study)‎

The Steadfastness of Economic Strategies Used by the Palestinian ‎Rural Families During the Al Aqsa Intifada (Qalqiliya Villages: A ‎Case Study)‎

Hussein Ahmad, Mahmoud Abu-Rub ‎

hussein596@yahoo.com

Received : 02-11-2004 , Accepted : 13-03-2005

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The study uses the data collected by the Opnion Polls and Survey Studies Center at An-Najah National University concernning the villages in Qalqiliya Distrect. The aim of this study is to analyize the strategies used by the Palestinian families as a result of the decrease in their income or loss of it. The most common strategies used by the families to adapt with its new economic situation is using its savings, delay one of the family’s project, selling or mortgaging a piece of land or a house, selling a wife’s jewelry, returning to work in agriculture and home economic, borrowing from relatives, friends and banks, and having humanitarian aids. The main recommendation of the study is carrying out economic and social policies to limit the delay in the family projects, to find a continuous job opportunity, and to give an easy loan to creat investment projects in the Palestinian rural areas.

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Al-Zahra Book, by Abu Bakr Al Asbahani, Comments and Corrections Vol. I

Al-Zahra Book, by Abu Bakr Al Asbahani, Comments and Corrections Vol. I

Mohammad J. Nouri

Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 04-05-2000 , Accepted : 29-04-2001

Language: Arabic

Abstract

The book entitled Al – Zahra, authored by Abu Bakr Al Asbahani is a great poetical work comprising a good number of Arabic poems of various topics, particularly platonic love which is covered in chapter one. During our teaching of this book university course “the Arabic library” for the Arabic language and literature specialists, we checked several mistakes resulting from the misplacement of the diacritical marks, phonetic corruption of words, vowelizing some structure, in addition to prosodic mistakes in some verses. All this occurred despite the precise checking done by the two well – versed scholars Dr. Ibrahim Samerra’i and Dr. Noori Al Qaysi in the second edition of that book. Our study in this research is restricted to the poetic material. However, we will overlook some simple printing mistakes which reader clearly distinguishes. This study aims at freeing this heritage book from grave and trivial confusing mistakes, a thing which we personally witnessed during our teaching.

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The Organizational Climate at Al-Quds University as Perceived by ‎Faculty Members: A Case Study

The Organizational Climate at Al-Quds University as Perceived by ‎Faculty Members: A Case Study

Mohammad A. Abdeen, Mahmoud A. Abu-Samra

Received : 20-05-2000 , Accepted : 28-04-2001

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This study aimed at determining the perceptions of Al-Quds University faculty members of its organizational climate. One hundred eighty two full-time Arabic speaking members were included in the study undertaken at the first semester 98/1999. A modified version of Athamneh’s tool used at Yarmouk University was used; its validity and reliability were re-determined. The results of the study showed that faculty members had low-ranking evaluation of the organizational climate at the University in general. Differences in their perceptions were shown with regard to sex (in favor of female), type of faculty (in favor of literary faculties), academic rank (in favor of “professor”), and years of experiences at Al-Quds Univeresity (in favor of those who had less than five years). Finally, some recommendations were made so that the University administration could improve its organizational climate.

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The Illuminations of Jafra in the Poetry of Manasrah

The Illuminations of Jafra in the Poetry of Manasrah

Hussam Al-Tamimi

Received : 04-11-2000 , Accepted : 28-04-2001

Language: Arabic

Abstract

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Abu-Walid Al-Baji -His Life and His Scientific Arguments

Abu-Walid Al-Baji -His Life and His Scientific Arguments

Wael Abu-Saleh

Department of Arabic Language, Faculty of Arts, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine

Received : 12-06-2000 , Accepted : 13-03-2001

Language: Arabic

Abstract

Abu-Walid Al-Baji has been one of the Andalusi leading figures I have been thinking about. However, the many activities I have been dealing with have prevented me from writing on this figure. When Alla willed, I wrote this researh which I hope would have justified this scholar. It is divided into two sections:

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The Non-Muslims Economic Activity in the Islamic State (Jurisdiction) study

The Non-Muslims Economic Activity in the Islamic State (Jurisdiction) study

Saleh Sherief Kemeil

Received : 04-12-1999 , Accepted : 11-11-2000

Language: Arabic

Abstract

This research discusses the non-Muslim citizens of the Islamic State, those who are considered as a part of the state. And studying their economical activity in the various aspects that they can execute or conduct, the extent of the freedom granted to them on dealing with each other or with the Muslims. The research discusses that freedom according to the religious philology, with the imposed restrictions needed by the nature of transaction and the legitimate religious considerations, aiming to create the complete consistency between religious judgements and aims, and the economical activities contradicting those judgements and aims.

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